The simple procedure of massaging the whole body below the neck with
oil or powders of herbs in a direction opposite to the orientation of
hair in the body is called as udvartana. Sharira-parimarjana is another
name for this procedure. Here the direction of massaging is quite
opposite to the one carried out in
Abhyanga.
BENEFICIAL EFFECTS
Udvartana opens the circulatory channels, facilitates the metabolic
activity and improves the complexion of the skin. By virtue of these
therapeutic effects one can abtain the following benefits by the
udvartana therapy.
- Kaphahara * Alleviates vitiation of kapha dosha.
- Medasah pravilayanam * Reduces excess of fat in the body.
- Sthirikaranamanganam * Increases the stability of the extremities.
- Tvakprasadakaram * Promotes the excellence of skin.
- Kantimat vapuh * Improves the body complexion.
- Vatahara * Corrects the imbalances of the vata dosha.
- Gauravam hanti * Leads to a sense of lightness in the body.
- Daurgandhyam hanti * Eliminates the bad body odor, due to excessive sweating or for other reasons.
- Tandram * Prevents untimely drowsing.
- Kandu * Cures itching sensation
TYPES OF UDVARTANA
Depending upon the variation in the therapeutic effect there are two
types of udvartana and are named as snigdha udvartana and ruksha
udvartana.
If oily substances are used in the massage then it is called as
Snigdha Udvartana. Contrary to this if dry powder of herbs is used with
no addition of oil in the massage then the udvartana is known as tuksha
variety.
Depending upon the nature of drugs used during massage two
sub-varieties. Depending upon the nature of drugs used during massage
two sub-varieties of
Depending upon the nature of drugs used during massage two sub-varieties of udvartana is practiced and is listed below.
UDGARSHANA
When a dry powder of herbs or oil is rubbed against the body then it is referred as udgarshana.
UTSADANA
The procedure of snehana, in which the paste of herbs moistened with oil is used during the massage and is called as utsadana.
For the purpose of udvartana, oil is selected according to the
prakriti of the client. In the following list, different oils are
mentioned that can be used in respective Prakriti for snigdha udvartana.
- Vata prakriti * Himasagara taila
- Pitta prakriti * Chandanadi taila, chandana bala lakshadi taila.
- Kapha prakriti * Triphaladya taila
- Sama prakriti * Asanabilvadi taila
PROCEDURE
Application of the medicated oil, or else dusting of the herbal
powder on the body followed by massage in a direction opposite to that
of the hair is the procedure of the udvartana.
The same is discussed in the following lines.
PREPARATION OF THE CLIENT
Morning time after getting up from the bed and after evacuating the
bowel and bladder is ideal time for this procedure. At the time of
sunrise udvartana should be performed in an empty stomach and before
bath. Warming up exercise may be advised before the udvartana. After
chanting the svastivachana hymn or prayer the therapist should carry out
the udvartana procedure.
POSITION
Client in minimum dress is made to lie down on the abhyanga table.
Udvartana is carried out in four different position of the client. That
include:
MASSAGING
To begin with the client is made to lie down in supine position and anterior of the body is treated with udvartana.
Following this, client is placed in left lateral position, and in
this position right lateral aspect of the body is subjected to
udvartana.
The client is now made to lie on his abdomen and the posterior part
of the body is treated with udvartana. Then the client is placed in the
right lateral position to treat the left lateral portion of the
body.Every part of the body below the neck is subjected to massaging one
after the other exerting firm pressure.
LINEAR MASSAGE ON ARMS
The therapist stands on one side of the table facing the head end. He
then dusts the herbal powder on the client arm nearest to him.
Following this massaging is done by moving the palmar aspect of both the
hands starting from the wrist up to the shoulder. Same maneuver has to
be carried out in the supine, lateral and prone position of the client.
CIRCULAR MASSAGE ON HANDS
After dusting the herbal powder on the client’s hand, massage should
be done in circular fashion both on palmar aspect as well as dorsal
aspect. Palmar aspect is massaged in supine position and the dorsal
aspect in the prone position of the client.
- CIRCULAR MASSAGE ON SHOULDER
To begin with the herbal powder is dusted on the shoulder, and then
the shoulder is massaged in circular fashion both in clockwise and
anticlockwise direction. Therapist does this massage by using both of
his palms simultaneously. Also the massage is repeated in all the
supine, prone and lateral position of the client.
- LINEAR MASSAGE ON CHEST AND ABDOMEN
Initially the herbal powder is dusted on the chest as well as abdomen
of the client in a supine position. The therapist places him both the
palms at the shoulder region of the client with the fingers facing the
opposite shoulder and then moves them towards the lower aspect of the
abdomen exerting firm pressure.
- CIRCULAR MASSAGE ON CHEST
Following the dusting of the powder on the client’s chest, the
therapist moves his both the palms on the chest in circular fashion
exerting firm pressure. Circular movement is done both in clockwise and
anticlockwise direction.
- CIRCULAR MASSAGE ON ABDOMEN
Similar to the chest, the abdomen is also massaged in a circular
manner In the supine position of the client after dusting the herbal
powder, also both in clockwise and anticlockwise direction.
Back of the client is subjected to massaging when he is placed in the
prone position. Following dusting of the herbal powder on the back, the
therapist places his both the palms at the client shoulder. Then he
moves his palms towards the buttock exerting firm pressure.
After dusting the herbal powder the therapist places his both the
palms on the client’s ankle. Then he massages the leg by moving his
palms towards the hip region exerting firm pressure. This maneuver is
repeated in a supine, lateral and prone position of the client.
For massaging the soles the therapist initially stabilized the
client’s feet by holding it with one hand. Then taking some amount of
herbal powder in his other palm rubs the soles in to and fro manner.
This maneuver is done in both supine and prone position of the client.
- MASSAGING THE LATERALS OF THE TRUNK
In the lateral position of the client, his sides of the trunk are
subjected to massaging. For this after dusting the powder, the therapist
moves his palms from the axilla to the hip of the client exerting a
good amount of pressure.
Each part of the body is treated for about five minutes by these
maneuvers. The therapist then moves to the opposite side of the table to
treat the other side of the client’s body in all the three supine,
lateral and prone positions. The entire above-said maneuvers have to be
repeated on the other side to complete the procedure of udvartana.
Alternatively, if two therapists are present, then it is most ideal to
simultaneously massage both the left and right half of the client’s
body.
This is the description of ruksha udvartana with herbal powders. The
same maneuver is followed even in the case of Snigdha udvartana after
anointing the clients body with oil.
Each part of the body below the neck is subjected to massage for
about five minute, so that the whole procedure of udvartana completes in
about half an hour.
AFTER PROCEDURE
The patient is asked to take rest for about 15 minutes and then allowed to take bath.
